Co-founder
Michal has been investing in stocks and bonds for more than five years and co-founded this site to make investing approachable for everyone. He writes about stocks, index funds, portfolio construction and keeping a cool head through market swings.
Learn how currency-hedged ETFs use forward contracts to protect your international investments from foreign exchange risks, and whether they make sense for your portfolio.
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Understand the key differences between accumulating and distributing ETFs, how they handle dividends, and which one aligns with your investment goals.
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Understand the key differences between physical and synthetic ETFs, and learn how counterparty risk and collateral affect your portfolio.
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Discover why European investors are restricted from buying US ETFs and learn how UCITS funds offer a safe, tax-efficient alternative for building wealth.
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Learn what Intraday Indicative Value (IIV) is, how it differs from Net Asset Value (NAV), and how ETF investors can use it to make smarter trades.
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Discover how Exchange-Traded Funds are created, managed, and sometimes closed, helping you make more informed investing decisions.
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Many ETFs lend out their underlying stocks to generate extra income. Learn how securities lending works, how it boosts your returns, and the risks involved.
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Learn how to read an ETF prospectus quickly and easily. Discover where to find the most important data, including fees, risks, and investment strategies.
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Discover how ETF managers handle corporate bankruptcies and buyouts behind the scenes, and why a delisted stock rarely dents your diversified portfolio.
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Learn how market volatility impacts ETF bid-ask spreads and discover practical strategies to minimize hidden trading costs.
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Learn what it means when an ETF trades at a premium or discount to its Net Asset Value (NAV) and how it impacts your everyday investments.
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Learn what ETF tracking error is, why funds sometimes deviate from their benchmark indexes, and how to measure this discrepancy before you invest.
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